A one to one is a regular private conversation between a manager and one person on their team. It sounds ordinary, and that is the point: it is the cheapest way there is to keep a team healthy. Problems come up early, good ideas get heard, and the yearly review has no surprises because everything was said along the way.
Many managers skip them when they are busy, or hold them as status meetings where the person reads out a list. The difference between a useful one and a wasted one is mostly structure and attitude.
Make it regular
Fix a time and keep it. Weekly suits new people and busy periods; every two weeks suits most teams; monthly is the longest that still works. Use the same day and hour, so it becomes part of the week.
Cancelling a one to one sends a clear message about what is more important. If you must move it, move it, do not drop it, and say why.
Make it theirs
The person should come with items. Ask them to add topics before the meeting, in a shared note or list. Often the best use of the time is the thing they would not have raised in a group: a worry about a colleague, a question about the future, a frustration with a tool.
You have items too, but treat the first half as theirs. If you talk for most of the time, change your habit.
A simple structure
Here is a shape for a 30 minute one to one:
- How are you? (3 minutes) A real question. Listen to the answer, including what is not said.
- Their topics. (10 minutes) What do they want to discuss?
- Work and priorities. (7 minutes) What is going well? What is blocked? Is anything unclear?
- Feedback, both ways. (5 minutes) Something specific you noticed, and a question: "Is there anything I could do differently to help you?"
- Actions. (5 minutes) What will each of you do before next time?
Vary it. Every few meetings, spend a whole session on growth: what they want to learn, where they would like to be in a year, what would make the work more interesting.
Questions that open things up
- What is the most important thing on your plate this week?
- What is getting in your way?
- What are you enjoying, and what are you not?
- Where do you feel you are learning, and where not?
- Is there something you think I do not know about?
- If you were running this team, what would you change?
- How is your workload, honestly?
Ask, then wait. Silence is not a failure. People often answer the real question after a pause.
Listen properly
Put away your phone and your laptop. Take a few notes, and tell them you are doing so. Repeat back what you heard: "So the late deliveries come from the supplier changing the schedule, and you have no way to see it earlier?" If you disagree, ask a question before you answer. If you cannot solve something, say so and say what you will find out.
Do not use the meeting only to check progress. Progress can be seen in the work. Use the time for what cannot be seen there.
Give feedback in small pieces
Say what you noticed soon after it happened, specifically and kindly. "In the client call yesterday you explained the delay clearly and calmly, and the client relaxed" is feedback a person can repeat. If something needs to change, say it plainly and offer help. Save only the big topics, such as pay or a serious problem, for their own conversations.
